www.colonialvoyage.com © Copyright 1998-2020, All Rights Reserved. From this point onwards the white population increased naturally to about 1300 by 1700. In 1657 two groups of farmers settled about three miles from the castle at Groenevelt (or Dutch Garden) and Rondebosch. This is easily done from the profile page using the. The arrival of British settlers 200 years ago continues to cast a shadow over South Africa May 15, 2020 4.57am EDT Jacklyn Cock , University of the Witwatersrand , Julia Wells , Rhodes University Join Geni to explore your genealogy and family history in the World's Largest Family Tree. Author and Copyright Marco Ramerini. European settlement in the area that today is South Africa began in 1652, with the Dutch occupation of Table Bay, now Cape Town, South Africa's parliamentary capital. – Guelke, Leonard “Freehold farmers and frontier settlers, 1675-1780” In: “An Expanding World” Vol. Bibliography of Dutch Colonial History 17th-18th century, America. Marco Ramerini: Contact: e-mail voyage@colonialvoyage.com, Web site dedicated to Arnold van Wickeren, Castle of Good Hope (Kasteel de Goede Hoop), Cape Town, South Africa. As in Ceylon the free-burghers in Kaapstad (Cape Town) were in most cases tavern-keepers or to a lesser extent craftsmen and shopkeepers. List of Dutch colonial forts and possessions, Central America. Huntington's Disease, for example, is more common among the Afrikaner or Dutch-descent population of South Africa than in most other populations, because a gene for Huntington's happened to be unusually common among the small group of original Dutch colonists. List of Dutch colonial forts and possessions, South America. Farmers descended from Dutch settlers in South Africa. In the 17th century, the southernmost point of Africa where the Atlantic and Indian oceans meet became a desirable half-way haven for the Dutch East India Company which was trading with India. It evolved through the 18th century. The case of Huntington's disease in South Africa provides a striking example of the founder effect. By the end of 1847, following annexation by Britain of the former Boer republic of Natalia, nearly all the Boers had left their former republic, which the British renamed Natal. In 1652, Dutch emigrants first settled in South Africa near the Cape of Good Hope to establish a station where ships traveling to the Dutch East Indies (currently Indonesia) could rest and resupply. Jacob de Mist was appointed as new Dutch governor. In 1679 the colony had 289 Europeans of whom 142 were free-burghers and 191 slaves. They were called Boers (Dutch for farmer), or Afrikaners – Dutch with a mix of Flemish, German and French Huguenot heritage. A smallpox epidemic in 1713 killed about a quarter of the whites and estimates for 1717 put the population at 744 officials, about 2000 free burghers and over 2700 slaves (South African History Online 2006b). In 1780 there were 11,000-12,000 free-burghers, of whom at least 3,000 lived in Kaapstad. can be found, make queries and ask for help through the discussion facility. The History of Trincomalee (Sri Lanka) during Portuguese and Dutch rule, Trincomalee: The first British occupation and the definitive Dutch surrender, Trincomalee: The consolidation of the Dutch presence, Trincomalee: The new Dutch occupation and the reconstruction of the Fort, Trincomalee: The Dutch conquest and the abandonment of the Fort, Trincomalee: The arrival of the Danes, the Dutch and the construction of the Portuguese Fort, The History of Trincomalee during Portuguese and Dutch rule: Introduction, The Dutch Fort of Galle in Sri Lanka (Ceylon), The Fort of Malacca: Portuguese-Dutch Fortress of Malacca (Melaka), The abortive expedition of Don Juan de Silva against the Dutch in the East Indies (1612-1616), Recife Forts: Fort do Brum, Fort das Cinco Pontas, Recife: the capital of sugar cane of Colonial Brazil, Fort Orange (Oranje), Itamaracá: a Dutch fortress in Brazil, Dutch in Chile: Hendrick Brouwer’s expedition to Valdivia, Dutch New York: The Dutch settlements in North America, Dutch and Courlanders on Tobago. 66-108, – Guelke, Leonard “The anatomy of a colonial settler population: Cape Colony, 1657-1750” In: “An Expanding World” Vol. Bibliography of Dutch Colonial History 17th-18th century, Asia Far East: China, Taiwan (Formosa), Japan. [Who was this]. The Dutch surrender in 1795 is known as the Capitulation of Rustenburg. The Dutch settlements in South Africa 1652-1795 and 1802-1806. Copyright © 1998-2020. The whole farming community was of some 130 persons, besides the servants and the officials of the VOC. Apartheid in South Africa Section 1: Introduction The history of South Africa differs from other African countries in several important ways. List of Portuguese colonial forts and possessions, The Portuguese in Bassein (Baçaim, Vasai): the ruins of a Portuguese town in India, The Spanish Presence in the Moluccas: Ternate and Tidore, Portuguese Empire: Africa, America and Asia maps, The Russians in America: Alaska and California, Flor de la Mar (Flor do Mar), 1511. Today, descendants of the Boers are commonly referred to as Afrikaners. Created to supply passing ships with fresh produce, the colony grew rapidly as Dutch farmers settled to grow crops. South Africa's government set up a policy that separated races into four groups. The descendants of the settlers have kept many of their traditions alive As the name suggests, the Dutch Reformed Church (Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk) in South Africa owes its origins and predominantly Calvinist theology to the Reformed Church in the Netherlands. Bibliography of Dutch Colonial History 17th-18th century, Arabia and Persian Gulf. It had a healthy, subtropical and partly fertile hinterland, which was virtually unoccupied. Learn term:boers = dutch settlers of south africa with free interactive flashcards. The small initial group of free burghers steadily increased in number and began to expand their farms further north and east into the territory of the Khoikhoi who were driven from their traditional lands. 1652 - The Dutch East India Company establishes the Dutch Cape Colony. Written by Marco Ramerini. The regions they settled in were always at a constant state of warfare, with the indigenous people fighting to protect and take back their land rights from these white settlers. This group of first settlers … At the 1802 Treaty of Amiens the Netherlands (now Batavian Republic) recovered the colony. Paarl, South Africa. “Historiorgraphy of Europeans in Africa and Asia 1500-1800” Ashgate Variorum, vol. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. The principles of Christianity were also introduced at the school resulting in the baptisms of many slaves and indigenous residents. Bibliography of Dutch Colonial History 17th-18th century, Malacca, Thailand, and Philippines. List of Dutch colonial forts and possessions, South East Asia and the Far East. These early colonists, later known as Boers, meaning farmers in Dutch, came as part of an expedition led by Jan van Riebeek, representing the Dutch East India Company. It is also a place where you can share links to online resources, tell other users where records etc. Starting in the 17th century, Dutch settlers relied on slaves to build up South Africa. The Dutch settlers in South Africa called themselves the Voortrekkers. On one of these ships was Jan van Riebeeck, too. I: xvi+222 pp. Enslaving the KoiKhoi was forbidden by the VOC, and so in order to meet the labour demands of the settlers from 1658 slaves were imported to the Cape in large numbers from Indonesia, India, Madagascar and Mozambique. Project Help: How to add Text to a Project - Starter Kit to get you going! Finally they were rescued by a fleet of 12 ships under the command of W.G. The first fifty years of Dutch colonisation as seen by callers” 2 vols Vol. In 1795 the town of Kaapstad had 14,021 inhabitants, of whom 4,357 were Europeans. The assumption made in authoritative genealogical publications is that Do... Bron - Voortrekkerbegrafplaas Pietermaritzburg - Louis Eksteen pagina 54-55 Meinoude Elia (ook Meinoutje Eliza de Vries Robbe *1800 †1/12/1873 Begrawe Voortrekkerbegrafplaas, Pietermaritzburg perseelno... Married to Cornelia Theunisz, ca. If you want to publish a study with regard to the geographical discoveries or colonialism, please contact me I will be happy to post it on Colonialvoyage. Swan Sonnenschein & Co., 1897, London, United Kingdom. The Human Sciences Research Council has also researched a number of the early German settler and their descendants and has published books on these. List of Dutch colonial forts and possessions, Africa. Cape Town is the second largest city in South Africa and one of the nation’s cultural and economic centers. The bastions were named: “Nassau”, “Leerdam”, “Oranje”, “Catzenellenbogen” and “Buuren”. Too many Cooks 1663-1679. The first governor born in the Cape was appointed in 1739. During his administration the town of Graaff-Reinet was founded. Many of these settlers were allocated farms in an area later called Franschhoek, Dutch for "French corner", in the present-day Western Cape province of South Africa. In 1691, the population was 1000 Europeans and 400 Slaves. Creoloid . Hundreds of Germans emigrated to the Cape Colony during the Dutch rule between (1652-1806) and in the succeeding centuries. Please add related projects to the menu on the right. A protester of apartheid. Thus the number of slaves in the settlement rose to 187. In the 1680s 50 more Dutch and German farmers and women from orphanages arrived and at the end of the decade 200 by Hugenots arrived. During the administration of Maurice de Chavonnes (1714-1724) a series of small outposts were built at strategic points in Tulbagh, Klapmuts, Groenekloof and Saldanha Baai to prevent Hottentot raids. In 1672 the white population was less than 600 souls, of whom only 64 were male free-burghers. During the twenty years of his government he promoted the immigration of new families from The Netherlands, built a new hospital and developed the colony. Van Plettenberg was a capable and energetic governor. This was the original model of colonialism brought by the Dutch in 1652, and subsequently exported from the Western Cape to the Afrikaner Republics of the Orange Free State and the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek. The coritemp. Bibliography of Dutch Colonial History 17th-18th century, Asia. His adopted son Jacobus is the definite biological ancestor. Immigration to RSA has slowed down drastically, but the remnants of a huge Flemish population still exist in Southern Africa. Flemish (Dutch-speaking) Walloons (French-speaking). In 1812 the British founded Grahamstown and in 1820 4,000 Britons were granted land by the Great Fish River. de Jong. They stayed for nearly one year at the Cape. In 1691 the population of Kaapstad or “De Kaap” consisted of 1000 Europeans and 400 Slaves. In 1785 a new governor was appointed: He was van de Graaff. The Afrikaners are also known as the “Boers,” the Dutch word for “farmers.” … On 18 Janaury 1806 he surrendered the colony to the British at Blaauwberg. Author and Copyright Marco Ramerini, As Prof. Ch. Posted by: Marco Ramerini In 1660, a Dutch ship arrived carrying 150 slaves from Angola. The first European child was born at the Cape on 3 June 1652. A square wooden fort with four bastions was quickly built on the left bank of the Salt River, where is now the Central Post Office, and later were built also two redoubts near the shore. Before the arrival of Europeans, the area was inhabited by San and Khoikhoi peoples.In 1652, Jan van Riebeeck established a small colony on the Cape of Good Hope as a refreshment station for the Dutch East India Company. This policy was called _____. Afrikaans is not only spoken by the White peoples of Dutch, Huguenot and German descent (about 60% of South Africa’s Whites), but also by the majority (about 90%) of the people of mixed descent (Coloureds). I research and write about history. Harmen Barentsz from Rotterdam on the De Schelde; sailor; a.1688; freed 1691. From October 11, 1899, until May 31, 1902, the Second Boer War (also known as the South African War and the Anglo-Boer War) was fought in South Africa between the British and the Boers (Dutch settlers in southern Africa). When Jan van Riebeeck laid down his office in May 1662, there were 39 free farmers, of whom 15 were married. The plan, called the Groot Desseynor Great Design, was to ultimately take over Portuguese and Spanish colonies in Africa and the Americas. The history of South Africa generally includes the story of the Dutch and how they “helped” South Africa. Dutch Colonial Remains 16th-18th centuries, Africa. Afrikaans was declared an official tongue of South Africa besides English in 1925. and also those of prominent, famous Dutch. As time went by, the Dutch peoples experienced a shift in their cultural and social way of life. – Sleigh, D. “The Forts of the Liesbeeck Frontier” Castle Military Museum, Cape Town, South Africa. Choose from 116 different sets of term:boers = dutch settlers of south africa flashcards on Quizlet. Also the length of the article is not a problem, the minimum lenght is about 450 words. After white settlers arrived in South Africa in 1652, they moved eastwards further into the land. Stellenbosch was the foremost farming settlement. List of Dutch colonial forts and possessions, Arabia and Persian Gulf. Of course, the argument is the colonial history and everything connected to it. In 1679, the colony had 289 Europeans of whom 142 were free-burghers and 191 slaves. The shipwreck victims built a small fort named “Sand Fort of the Cape of Good Hope”. This article attempts to place their reactions into the broader framework of the receptivity of Late Stone Age society in South Africa to cultural innovation, and suggests that the usual dichotomy drawn between the rapid disintegration of the pastoral Khoi in the face of the Dutch settlers and the fierce resistance of the San hunter-gatherers is an oversimplification. Hollandic was the main language of the Dutch settlers in the country. On 2 Janaury 1666 during the government of Wagenaer was laid the foundation stone of the Castle of Good Hope, which was completed in 1674 during the government of Isbrand Goske. He was Henry Swellengrebel. In the 17th century, the southernmost point of Africa where the Atlantic and Indian oceans meet became a desirable half-way haven for the Dutch East India Company which was trading with India. with 28 b/w illust. Greed and Graft 1699-1702. Gold, Uranium, Chromium, diamonds, copper, iron ore and coal are _____ most important resources. The shipwreck victims built a small fort named “Sand Fort of the Cape of Good Hope”. In 1652 the Dutch East India Company charged Jan Finally I am passionate about astronomy. The only thing is that the article must be original and not previously published on other websites. A few years later, in 1652, persuaded by some of those who had been wrecked in 1647 the Dutch East India Company's (VOC) established a supplies station at the Cape of Good Hope under the command of Jan van Riebeeck. The Dutch came to South Africa to build a rest stop for the Dutch East India Company ships. The Dutch needed to get around the Cape to points in eastern locations. n° 29, 1998; pp. So sad that anyone in the world … II: xii+303 pp. This evolved from Dutch but also contained Malay and Portuguese Creole words. selfstudyhistory.com It remained… The party was made up of 90 Calvinist settlers. The colonization of South Africa took place in the early 1800s by the British. South Africa's. South Africa’s modern history begins with the Dutch East India Company, which established trading posts for sailors along the coast. Afrikaans developed from Hollandic (Hollands), a vernacular of the Dutch language, which is spoken is South Holland. One of their first tasks was to try to resolve the border disputes between the Boers and the Xhosa on the eastern frontier. Author and Copyright Marco. They handed it back to the Dutch in 1803 but took it again in 1806. belgian settlers in south africa were known as boers. In the decades and centuries that followed, the Dutch spoken there, detached from its ancestor in Europe, underwent internal developments as well as influences from other languages (such as Khoisan languages, South-African Malay, … I designed some internet sites including the www.colonialvoyage.com site dedicated to the history of geographical exploration and colonialism. It was initially meant to be a small port town for ships traveling to India, but eventually became a full settlement. You've helped me understand a bit more. Add any documents of interest using the menu at the top right of the page, and then add a link to the document in the text under the heading below. Author and Copyright Marco Ramerini. Today, descendants of the Boers are commonly referred to as Afrikaners. Jan de la Fontaine became governor in 1724 and he was in control of the Cape Colony until 1739, except for an interval of three years, when Gysbert Noodt was governor. After three years of government he handed the command over to John Williams Janssens. orary documents suggest that the servants were acting under orders. The WIC would soon become a powerful force itself, even founding the Dutch colonies in … He was the Mauritius-born Simon van der Stel. In 1666 the first stone was laid on 2 January and the original fort was replaced by a new stone fort named Castle of Good Hope/Kasteel de Goede Hoop, a massive pentagonal fortress with a moat and bastions at each corner. In 1621, the Dutch government approved the charter of the Dutch West Indian Company (West-Indische Compagnie or WIC) with the goal of basically messing with Spanish and Portuguese trade routes. The first British Settlers, known as the 1820 Settlers, arrived in Algoa Bay (n… Settling in South Africa . Vol. In these years the French astronomer Abbé de la Caille made a chart and a catalogue of the sky of the Southern Hemisphere in Kaapstad. English settlers in substantial numbers first entered South African in 1820s as part of a government program to relieve poverty at home. Dutch Colonial Remains 16th-18th centuries, America. Geni requires JavaScript! Dutchmen soon started settling the area, with little, if any, conflict with the native Khoisan population. Three watch-houses were also built. Whites never encountered black Africans until 1770 for one reason, that is that the black Africans entered South Africa hundreds of years after the Dutch arrived . In 1717 there were more than 5,000 souls, of whom 2,500 were Europeans in the colony (in most cases farmers and breeders) and 2,500 slaves. Native South Africans are a strong community, but their voice is rarely heard. La Fontaine was a quietly efficient governor. Russian forts and settlements in Hawaii, Arguin: A Portuguese Fortress in Mauritania 1445-1633, West Africa. Jan van Riebeeck was aboard one of these ships. The shipwreck victims built a small fort named "Sand Fort of the Cape of Good Hope". English text revision by Dietrich Köster. The flag used is that of the South African Republic, an independent state that lasted from the First Boer War … Boer, (Dutch: “husbandman,” or “farmer”), a South African of Dutch, German, or Huguenot descent, especially one of the early settlers of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State. 103 accounts by visitors to the Cape between 1652 and 1702, taken from the original Dutch, English, French, Portuguese, Danish and German. The Boers had founded two independent South African republics (the Orange Free State and the South African Republic) and had a long history of distrust and dislike for the British … The Dutch claimed that they had purchased the land from Osingkhima leader of the Khokhoi group known as the Goringhaiqua with brandy, tobacco and bread. [The South African Military History Society]. This building was completed 25 years later. Cecil Rhodes. The Khoisan have been referred to in the past as “Bushmen” – and when the Dutch settlers landed in South Africa in the 17th century, they called them Hottentots, a word derived from the famous clicks in their languages. Free labourers employed on the farms amounted to 54. During the first years the natives were the most persistent problem of the colony. During his administration he had several problems with the French Huguenot settlers. The Dutch settlement history in South Africa began in March 1647 with the shipwreck of the Dutch ship Nieuwe Haarlem. They arrived in the bay of today's Cape Town, on 6 April 1652, on board five ships, the Reijer, the Oliphant, the Goede Hoop, the Walvisch end the Dromedaris.. The Dutch were the first to really begin colonizing South Africa, with Dutch settlers called Afrikaners fighting violently against the indigenous Khoikhoi people for control. During the Tulbagh successor, Joachim van Plettenberg (1771-1785), the exploration of the Orange River valley was completed. Later on, the school was also attended by the children of the indigenes and the Free Burghers. Dutch settlement in South Africa began in March 1647, the Dutch ship Nieuwe Haarlem, wrecked at the Cape. My e-mail is at the bottom of the page. The Boers, also known as Afrikaners, were the descendants of the original Dutch settlers of southern Africa. Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie - 1602-1799. This was the original model of colonialism brought by the Dutch in 1652, and subsequently exported from the Western Cape to the Afrikaner Republics of the Orange Free State and the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek. In this year a new governor was appointed. The settlement established in the Cape in 1652 provided fresh food supplies for ships sailing to the east. If you do not know how to do this please contact one of the other collaborators to assist you. In 1795 the British captured Cape Colony (South Africa). List of Dutch colonial forts and possessions, Sri Lanka (Ceylon). Indian slaves from the Dutch colonies had been introduced into the Cape area of South Africa by the Dutch settlers in 1654. They settled in Stellenbosch, Drakenstein, Paarl and Franschhoek, developing farming and in particular vineyards. List of Dutch colonial forts and possessions, Asia. The first European settlers in South Africa were sponsored by the Dutch East India Company which controlled Netherlands trade between India and East Asia. The Trek Wagons are a reference to the the Great Trek of Dutch settlers migrating into the inland of South Africa after the British took control of the Cape colony. 21, n° 3 1988, Boston, MA, USA, pp. Dutch has been present in South Africa since the establishment in 1652 of the first permanent Dutch settlement around what is now Cape Town. When slavery was abolished in 18344 they were antagonized still more. Bibliography of Dutch Colonial History 17th-18th century, The Dutch East India Company: VOC (Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie), Map of Dutch settlements in Guyana and Suriname 1600-1750, The Dutch in Formosa 1624-1662, 1664-1668, Index of the Journal of the Dutch Burgher Union of Ceylon, Dutch and Portuguese remains in Sri Lanka: forts and churches, The Dutch Burghers of Sri Lanka. British imperialist; founded De Beers Diamond Company. n° 29; Nizza da Silva, M. B. 76 G. M. Theal in his History of South Africa under the D.E.I.C., ii, 28, gives a highly tendentious account of this episode, laying the blame for the violence and robbery on the Khoi servants and exonerating the settlers under Willem van Wyk. de Jong. I learned of the Dutch involvement in South Africa through Mandela's book. Please feel free to add to the information here and to correct any information which you consider to be incorrect. Finally, the Boers began a mass migration away from the British called the Grea… List of Dutch colonial forts and possessions, Indonesia. The Boer settlers were Dutch farmers who went to South Africa. Secondly, South Africa gained its The first European settlers in South Africa were sponsored by the Dutch East India Company which controlled Netherlands trade between India and East Asia. 453-473. the Dutch in the south of the continent. The Dutch were the first to really begin colonizing South Africa, with Dutch settlers called Afrikaners fighting violently against the indigenous Khoikhoi people for control. Ashgate Variorum, Vol also attended by the Great Fish River appointed in 1739 fought both Boers and British known... Nearby fertile valleys 4,357 were Europeans, MA, USA, pp Asia 1450-1800 ” Ashgate Variorum,.. Born in the Anglo-Boer War Museum database – Search these pages and in. 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